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Common Aspirations: Brazil and the U.S.

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  Despite having minimal experience with terrorism, Brazil began collaborating extensively with the United States and other international partners to assess and mitigate potential terrorist risks in the run-up to hosting the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Summer Olympics. Among other things, US officials trained Brazilian law enforcement on themes including combating international terrorism, preventing attacks on soft targets, and recognizing counterfeit documents. In 2016, the Brazilian government passed laws to punish terrorism and terrorist financing, bridging a legal loophole that has previously hampered counterterrorism efforts.83 In 2019, Brazil tightened its legislative framework to detect and freeze terrorist assets, addressing inadequacies noted by the Intergovernmental Financial Action Task Force.84  Counterterrorism Brazilian officials have employed the new legislative framework on multiple occasions in recent years. During the 2016 Olympics, a loose online network of Islamic S
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Brazil and the U.S.: Political and Cultural Links

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  The Bolsonaro and Trump administrations have reached various agreements aimed at strengthening the bilateral trade partnership. During Bolsonaro's official visit to Washington in March 2019, the US and Brazil agreed to take steps to eliminate trade barriers for specific agricultural products. Brazil has agreed to impose a tariff rate quota, allowing for the entry of 750,000 tons of US wheat yearly without tariffs, as well as adopting "science-based conditions" for US pork imports. In exchange, the United States agreed to deploy a team from the Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service to examine Brazil's raw beef inspection system.66 The Bolsonaro administration had hoped that the audit would immediately reopen the U.S. market to Brazilian cattle, but has voiced disappointment that US restrictions remain in place.67 In 2017, Brazilian authorities uncovered that top meat processing corporations, notably JBS and BRF, paid food inspectors to ac
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Consumer Protection Laws: A US-Brazil Comparison

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  It commences by emphasizing that consumer protection is a fundamental right and a principle of the economic order as outlined in the Brazilian Constitution. In the Brazilian Constitution's "fundamental rights and guarantees" chapter, Article 5 XXXII, the State is committed to ensuring consumer protection in accordance with the law. Additionally, Article 170, V, of the Constitution establishes that consumer protection is a fundamental principle of the economic order, alongside national sovereignty, private property, and other significant precepts. The constitutional dimension is instrumental in comprehending the correlation between the institutionalization of consumer protection and Brazilian democratization. Legislation that concretizes consumer protection is legitimate due to its constitutional status. The Brazilian Supreme Court dismissed allegations of the unconstitutionality of the consumer protection law, emphasizing that the Constitution permits legislative action
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US-Brazil Regulatory Cooperation in the Digital Economy

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  standards, metrology, conformity assessment, intellectual property rights, and customs issues, as a result of the development of partnerships beyond the Brazilian Ministry of the Economy (ME) and the U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) over the past fourteen years. In the future, the Dialogue will maintain its emphasis on cross-cutting issues that are advantageous to numerous industries, while also encouraging industry-specific collaboration in cases where a mutual interest is identified. Highlights of this year include Brazil's advancements in the reestablishment of its National Trade Facilitation Committee under the Foreign Trade Chamber (CAMEX), the renovation of the Brazilian trade information portal (siscomex.gov.br), and the implementation of its new single window for imports. Brazil has disclosed that it has integrated its system into the global EPhyto HUB solution of the International Plant Protection Convention. The country is currently developing automated solutions that
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Sports and Culture: Common Grounds Between Brazil and the U.S.

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   Why do countries thrive in certain sports? Why do some countries rack up dozens of Olympic medals while others only win a few? It's not just an issue of rich and poor, developed and underdeveloped, or government or other institutional backing for promising athletes. It's not even an issue of a "national will to win," because, while some countries place a higher value on winning than Americans, a cultural emphasis on winning does not always result in the intended outcome. Cultural values, societal forces, and media all have an impact on international sporting performance. We may see this by comparing the United States and Brazil, two countries with continent-sized populations and various physical and ethnic backgrounds. Although each is the continent's largest economic power, they provide revealing contrasts in Olympic success: The United States won 104 medals at the 2012 London Summer Olympics, including 46 gold medals, compared to Brazil's 17 and 3. Americ
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Bilateral Economic Policies: US-Brazil Case Study

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  Brazil signed a number of traditional Bilateral Investment Treaties but has not yet ratified them. They have recently switched to a new type of bilateral investment agreement called an Investment Cooperation and Facilitation Agreement. There are two claims in the literature about the change from traditional Bilateral Investment Treaties to Investment Cooperation and Facilitation Agreements. Claim Not ratifying the traditional BITs has not hurt Foreign Direct Investment into Brazil. This claim calls the purpose of Bilateral Investment Treaties into question. People say that Investment Cooperation and Facilitation Agreements are better than traditional bilateral investment treaties in some ways, but overall they are not as good as traditional bilateral investment treaties. From the point of view of observational economics, we look at both claims. We add to what has already been written about Brazil's stance on Bilateral Investment Treaties, which can be understood through (i) a his
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Cyber Partnerships: The US and Brazil in the Digital Age

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  The preponderance of the world's more than 2 billion Internet users will be in developing countries in the coming years. All of these nations are responding to disruptive forms of social and political activism that are transnational, establishing new technology policies, and opening new markets. Additionally, these networks facilitated the rapid development of movement with an extraordinary impact. However, these technologies are not inherently progressive, democratic, or ideological. They amplify the existing social and political forces and enable the desires of consumers. We are required to respond to the positive and negative consequences of the dynamism of networked societies. The structure of information systems in contemporary societies has undergone fundamental changes, as evidenced by the emergence of these new forms of decentralized power. Take into account the three primary information networks of international relations: trade, personal communications, and mass media.
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